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 HISTORY
Mongolia is the country an ancient
culture and unique historical remains of all stages of human
development in Central Asia. Early ages … Stone age
to Bronze Age. Recent archaeological discoveries have proved
that Mongolia was inhabited 500,000 years ago. The first existence
of human camp sites, Paleolithic stone inscriptions, paintings,
and different kinds of utensil made of clay and other original
things have been found in South Eastern provinces. There are
widespread archaeological remains of the ensuing Mesolithic
Era and Bronze Age in Mongolia. It is evidence that particular
part of Central Asia was the heart and soul of the ancient
civilization in Stone Age era.
Empire of the Huns
By 209 B.C., the early tribes of Huns set up first example
of the original State and class society in Central Asia.
The Huns domain stretched from Korea in the east to Lake
Baikal in Siberia, until the empire collapsed in 98 A.D.
Rise of the Unified Mongol Empire
The World knows Chinggis Khaan
as the magnificent warrior of the Far East, when he united
81 differing tribes by 1206 A.D. after numerous battles and
clashes. United under his banner, with the advantage of highly
mobile cavalry, the Mongols swept into power across much of
China and reached the edge of Western Europe. The momentum
continued after his death, an invincible combination of Mongolia
cavalry and recruited foot soldiers using novel methods of
military strategy, battle tactics, and superior weapons and
by these means created the largest land empire the World has
seen, before or since.
Thus changing the whole path of the History of the World.
Resistance to Chinese encroachment
After centuries of domination Unified Mongol Empire began
to fall apart in 1398 A.D. Splintering of the Empire’s
command and control structure has drawn a favorable condition
for the Chinese Min dynasty to seize much territory and
wage military campaign from 1360-1450. Mongol Queen Mandukhai,
Batmunkh Khaan and the Oriat statesman King Esen Taish have
fiercely defended Mongol territory during this struggle.
Subjugation by Manchu Empire
In a later phase of internal division, a Manchu State formed
in North-East China later to invade present Inner Mongolia
and lately Outer Mongolia.
Restoration of Mongolian sovereignty
More than 200 years later as a result of the Mongolian national
movement for independence Mongol monarchy was re-established
in 1911. Lately in 1921 the National Democratic revolution
won power, with its Parliament proclaiming first Constitution
to acknowledge independent Republic. For the period of 7
decades Mongolians led communism way of life and acquired
close brother relationship with the former Soviet Union.
It became World’s second communist country.
Today, Mongolian people are implementing democratic reforms
in their lives, restoring rich heritage of their civilization
and are working to develop their country in keeping with
the universal logic of modern social progress of humanity.
Mongolia formed a system of a unitary state and adopted
its new Constitution in 1992.
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